Dry Eye or Allergies? How to Tell What’s Causing Your Eye Discomfort

If your eyes feel irritated, itchy, watery, or uncomfortable, you may wonder whether seasonal allergies or dry eye disease is to blame. The challenge is that these conditions often share similar symptoms - yet they require very different treatments. Understanding the key differences can help you get the relief you need and know when it’s time to see your eye doctor.

What Are Eye Allergies?

Eye allergies, also known as allergic conjunctivitis, occur when your eyes react to allergens such as pollen, dust, mold, or pet dander. When exposed, the immune system releases histamines, triggering inflammation and discomfort.

Common symptoms of eye allergies include:

• Intense itching

• Red or pink eyes

• Watery or teary eyes

• Puffy or swollen eyelids

• Symptoms that worsen during allergy seasons or after allergen exposure

Eye allergies often affect both eyes at the same time and may occur alongside nasal symptoms like sneezing or congestion.

What Is Dry Eye Disease?

Dry eye disease occurs when your eyes do not produce enough tears, or when the tears evaporate too quickly. A common contributor is meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), where the oil glands in the eyelids do not function properly, leading to unstable tears.

Common symptoms of dry eye include:

• Burning, stinging, or gritty sensation

• Fluctuating or blurry vision

• Redness that worsens with screen use

• Sensitivity to light

• A feeling of dryness even when the eyes water

Unlike allergies, dry eye symptoms often worsen later in the day or during prolonged computer use.

When It’s Time to See Your Eye Doctor

If your symptoms are persistent, worsening, or interfering with your daily activities, it’s time to schedule an eye exam. Our eye doctors can determine whether your discomfort is caused by allergies, dry eye, MGD, blepharitis, or another ocular condition altogether.

At Mission Optometric Center, we take a personalized approach to diagnosing and treating eye discomfort. Advanced diagnostic testing allows us to evaluate tear quality, eyelid health, and gland function so treatment can be tailored specifically to your needs.

Depending on your diagnosis, treatment may include:

• Prescription allergy eye drops or anti-inflammatory medications

• Targeted dry eye therapy for tear film instability

• TearCare®, an advanced thermal treatment designed to improve meibomian gland function

• Punctal plugs to help retain natural tears

• Eyelid hygiene therapies for blepharitis management

Because every patient is different, the right treatment starts with understanding the true cause of your symptoms.

Take the First Step Toward Relief

Eye discomfort should never be ignored, especially when symptoms mimic multiple conditions. While allergies and dry eye disease may feel similar, the underlying causes and treatments are very different. A comprehensive eye exam is the best way to identify the source of your symptoms and protect your long-term eye health.

If you’re experiencing symptoms of dry eye or eye allergies, schedule a consultation at Mission Optometric Center for personalized treatment options for lasting relief. Visit our office in San Juan Capistrano, California, or call (949) 496-0552 to book an appointment today.